/* ============ VISUALLY HIDDEN ============ */
        .visually-hidden {
            position: absolute;
            width: 1px;
            height: 1px;
            padding: 0;
            margin: -1px;
            overflow: hidden;
            clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
            white-space: nowrap;
            border: 0;
        }

        /* ============ RESET & BASE ============ */
        *, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
        :root {
            --navy:   #1a2e4a;
            --teal:   #25597b;
            --gold:   #c9ab63;
            --gold-lt:#e0c070;
            --cream:  #f8f7f4;
            --white:  #ffffff;
            --text:   #333333;
            --muted:  #666666;
            --border: #dde2ea;
        }

        /* ============ HERO ============ */
        .article-hero {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1a2e4a 0%, #2c3e50 55%, #25597b 100%);
            padding: 64px 20px 80px;
            position: relative;
            overflow: hidden;
        }
        .article-hero::after {
            content: '';
            position: absolute;
            bottom: -2px; left: 0; right: 0;
            height: 52px;
            background: var(--cream);
            clip-path: ellipse(55% 100% at 50% 100%);
        }
        .article-hero-inner {
            max-width: 820px;
            margin: 0 auto;
            position: relative;
            z-index: 1;
        }

        /* Breadcrumb */
        .breadcrumb {
            display: flex;
            flex-wrap: wrap;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 6px;
            margin-bottom: 22px;
            font-size: 0.78rem;
        }
        .breadcrumb a {
            color: rgba(255,255,255,0.6);
            text-decoration: none;
            transition: color 0.2s;
        }
        .breadcrumb a:hover { color: var(--gold); }
        .breadcrumb span { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.35); }
        .breadcrumb .bc-current { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.85); }

        /* Category badge */
        .article-cat-badge {
            display: inline-flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 7px;
            background: rgba(201,171,99,0.18);
            color: var(--gold);
            border: 1px solid rgba(201,171,99,0.4);
            padding: 5px 16px;
            border-radius: 40px;
            font-size: 0.76rem;
            font-weight: 700;
            letter-spacing: 0.1em;
            text-transform: uppercase;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }
        .article-hero h1 {
            font-family: 'Playfair Display', Georgia, serif;
            font-size: clamp(1.6rem, 4vw, 2.6rem);
            color: #fff;
            line-height: 1.22;
            margin-bottom: 16px;
        }
        .article-hero-intro {
            color: rgba(255,255,255,0.85);
            font-size: 1.05rem;
            max-width: 700px;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
            line-height: 1.7;
        }
        .article-hero-meta {
            display: flex;
            flex-wrap: wrap;
            gap: 18px;
            align-items: center;
        }
        .article-hero-meta span {
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 6px;
            color: rgba(255,255,255,0.7);
            font-size: 0.82rem;
        }
        .article-hero-meta i { color: var(--gold); font-size: 0.75rem; }
        .reading-badge {
            background: rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
            border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.2);
            color: #fff;
            padding: 4px 12px;
            border-radius: 20px;
            font-size: 0.75rem;
            font-weight: 600;
        }

        /* ============ MAIN LAYOUT ============ */
        .blog-wrap {
            background: var(--cream);
            padding: 50px 20px 70px;
        }
        .blog-layout {
            max-width: 1200px;
            margin: 0 auto;
            display: grid;
            grid-template-columns: 1fr 320px;
            gap: 40px;
            align-items: start;
        }

        /* ============ ARTICLE BODY ============ */
        .article-body {
            background: var(--white);
            border-radius: 10px;
            box-shadow: 0 4px 24px rgba(0,0,0,0.07);
            overflow: hidden;
           
        }
        .article-featured-img {
            width: 100%;
            height: 360px;
            object-fit: cover;
            display: block;
        }
        .article-content {
            padding: 40px 44px 50px;
        }

        /* ---- Intro lead ---- */
        .article-intro {
            font-size: 1.08rem;
            color: #444;
            line-height: 1.8;
            border-left: 4px solid var(--gold);
            padding-left: 20px;
            margin-bottom: 36px;
            font-style: italic;
        }

        /* ---- Headings ---- */
        .article-content h2 {
            font-family: 'Playfair Display', Georgia, serif;
            font-size: 1.45rem;
            color: var(--navy);
            margin: 42px 0 16px;
            padding-bottom: 10px;
            border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border);
            position: relative;
        }
        .article-content h2::after {
            content: '';
            position: absolute;
            bottom: -2px; left: 0;
            width: 50px; height: 2px;
            background: var(--gold);
        }
        .article-content h3 {
            font-family: 'Playfair Display', Georgia, serif;
            font-size: 1.13rem;
            color: var(--teal);
            margin: 28px 0 12px;
        }
        .article-content p {
            color: #4a4a4a;
            font-size: 0.95rem;
            line-height: 1.85;
            margin-bottom: 18px;
        }

        /* ---- Highlight box ---- */
        .highlight-box {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #eef4f8, #f0f5fa);
            border: 1px solid #ccdce8;
            border-left: 4px solid var(--teal);
            border-radius: 6px;
            padding: 22px 26px;
            margin: 28px 0;
        }
        .highlight-box p {
            margin-bottom: 8px;
            font-size: 0.92rem;
        }
        .highlight-box p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
        .highlight-box strong { color: var(--navy); }

        /* ---- Gold callout ---- */
        .gold-callout {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fdf8ec, #fdf3d6);
            border: 1px solid rgba(201,171,99,0.4);
            border-left: 4px solid var(--gold);
            border-radius: 6px;
            padding: 22px 26px;
            margin: 28px 0;
        }
        .gold-callout p { font-size: 0.92rem; margin-bottom: 8px; }
        .gold-callout p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
        .gold-callout strong { color: var(--navy); }

        /* ---- Styled list ---- */
        .article-content ul, .article-content ol {
            margin: 14px 0 20px 0;
            padding-left: 0;
            list-style: none;
        }
        .article-content ul li, .article-content ol li {
            font-size: 0.93rem;
            color: #4a4a4a;
            line-height: 1.7;
            padding: 6px 0 6px 28px;
            position: relative;
            border-bottom: 1px solid #f2f2f2;
        }
        .article-content ul li::before {
            content: '\f00c';
            font-family: 'Font Awesome 6 Free';
            font-weight: 900;
            color: var(--gold);
            font-size: 0.65rem;
            position: absolute;
            left: 4px;
            top: 10px;
        }
        .article-content ol { counter-reset: ol-counter; }
        .article-content ol li { counter-increment: ol-counter; }
        .article-content ol li::before {
            content: counter(ol-counter);
            font-weight: 700;
            color: var(--teal);
            font-size: 0.78rem;
            position: absolute;
            left: 2px;
            top: 8px;
            background: #e8f0f7;
            width: 20px;
            height: 20px;
            border-radius: 50%;
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            justify-content: center;
            text-align: center;
            line-height: 20px;
        }

        /* ---- Country table ---- */
        .country-table-wrap {
            overflow-x: auto;
            margin: 28px 0;
            border-radius: 8px;
            box-shadow: 0 2px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.08);
        }
        .country-table {
            width: 100%;
            border-collapse: collapse;
            font-size: 0.87rem;
        }
        .country-table thead {
            background: var(--navy);
            color: #fff;
        }
        .country-table th {
            padding: 13px 16px;
            text-align: left;
            font-weight: 600;
            letter-spacing: 0.04em;
            white-space: nowrap;
        }
        .country-table tbody tr:nth-child(even) { background: #f4f7fa; }
        .country-table tbody tr:hover { background: #eaf1f7; }
        .country-table td {
            padding: 10px 16px;
            border-bottom: 1px solid #e4eaf2;
            color: #3a3a3a;
        }
        .country-table td:first-child { font-weight: 600; color: var(--navy); }

        /* ---- Step boxes ---- */
        .steps-list { margin: 20px 0 28px; }
        .step-item {
            display: flex;
            gap: 18px;
            align-items: flex-start;
            padding: 18px 0;
            border-bottom: 1px solid #f0f0f0;
        }
        .step-item:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
        .step-num {
            flex-shrink: 0;
            width: 36px; height: 36px;
            background: var(--navy);
            color: #fff;
            border-radius: 50%;
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            justify-content: center;
            font-weight: 700;
            font-size: 0.85rem;
            margin-top: 2px;
        }
        .step-content h4 {
            font-family: 'Playfair Display', Georgia, serif;
            font-size: 1rem;
            color: var(--navy);
            margin-bottom: 6px;
        }
        .step-content p {
            font-size: 0.88rem;
            color: var(--muted);
            margin-bottom: 0;
        }

        /* ---- Internal link pills ---- */
        .related-links-inline {
            display: flex;
            flex-wrap: wrap;
            gap: 8px;
            margin: 18px 0;
        }
        .rel-link {
            display: inline-flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 6px;
            background: #eef4f8;
            color: var(--teal);
            border: 1px solid #ccdce8;
            padding: 6px 14px;
            border-radius: 40px;
            font-size: 0.78rem;
            font-weight: 600;
            text-decoration: none;
            transition: all 0.2s;
        }
        .rel-link:hover {
            background: var(--navy);
            color: #fff;
            border-color: var(--navy);
        }

        /* ---- Author card ---- */
        .author-card {
            display: flex;
            gap: 20px;
            align-items: flex-start;
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f0f5fa, #eef2f7);
            border: 1px solid #ccd8e4;
            border-radius: 8px;
            padding: 24px;
            margin: 40px 0 0;
        }
        .author-avatar {
            flex-shrink: 0;
            width: 64px; height: 64px;
            border-radius: 50%;
            background: var(--navy);
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            justify-content: center;
            color: var(--gold);
            font-size: 1.5rem;
        }
        .author-info h4 {
            font-family: 'Playfair Display', Georgia, serif;
            font-size: 1rem;
            color: var(--navy);
            margin-bottom: 4px;
        }
        .author-info .author-title {
            font-size: 0.78rem;
            color: var(--teal);
            font-weight: 600;
            margin-bottom: 8px;
            display: block;
        }
        .author-info p {
            font-size: 0.83rem;
            color: var(--muted);
            line-height: 1.6;
            margin-bottom: 0;
        }

        /* ---- CTA box ---- */
        .article-cta {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--navy), var(--teal));
            border-radius: 8px;
            padding: 32px 30px;
            text-align: center;
            margin-top: 40px;
        }
        .article-cta h3 {
            font-family: 'Playfair Display', Georgia, serif;
            color: #fff;
            font-size: 1.3rem;
            margin-bottom: 10px;
        }
        .article-cta p {
            color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75);
            font-size: 0.88rem;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }
        .cta-btns {
            display: flex;
            gap: 12px;
            justify-content: center;
            flex-wrap: wrap;
        }
        .cta-btn-primary {
            display: inline-flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 8px;
            background: var(--gold);
            color: var(--navy);
            padding: 11px 24px;
            border-radius: 5px;
            font-weight: 700;
            font-size: 0.88rem;
            text-decoration: none;
            transition: background 0.3s;
        }
        .cta-btn-primary:hover { background: var(--gold-lt); }
        .cta-btn-secondary {
            display: inline-flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 8px;
            background: rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
            border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.4);
            color: #fff;
            padding: 11px 24px;
            border-radius: 5px;
            font-weight: 600;
            font-size: 0.88rem;
            text-decoration: none;
            transition: background 0.3s;
        }
        .cta-btn-secondary:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.22); }

        /* ---- Share bar ---- */
        .share-bar {
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 10px;
            padding: 20px 44px;
            background: #f6f5f2;
            border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
        }
        .share-label {
            font-size: 0.78rem;
            font-weight: 700;
            color: var(--navy);
            text-transform: uppercase;
            letter-spacing: 0.1em;
            margin-right: 4px;
        }
        .share-icon {
            width: 34px; height: 34px;
            border-radius: 50%;
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            justify-content: center;
            font-size: 0.8rem;
            text-decoration: none;
            transition: transform 0.2s;
        }
        .share-icon:hover { transform: scale(1.15); }
        .sh-wa { background: #25d366; color: #fff; }
        .sh-fb { background: #1877f2; color: #fff; }
        .sh-li { background: #0077b5; color: #fff; }
        .sh-copy { background: var(--navy); color: #fff; cursor: pointer; border: none; }

        /* ============ SIDEBAR ============ */
        .article-sidebar { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 24px; }

        .sidebar-widget {
            background: var(--white);
            border-radius: 10px;
            box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.07);
            overflow: hidden;
        }
        .sidebar-widget-hd {
            background: var(--navy);
            color: #fff;
            padding: 14px 20px;
            font-family: 'Playfair Display', Georgia, serif;
            /* font-size: 1rem; */
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 10px;
        }
        .sidebar-widget-hd i { color: var(--gold); }
        .sidebar-widget-body { padding: 20px; }

        .contact-widget-item {
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 12px;
            padding: 10px 0;
            border-bottom: 1px solid #f0f0f0;
        }
        .contact-widget-item:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
        .contact-widget-item .cw-icon {
            width: 34px; height: 34px;
            background: #eef4f8;
            border-radius: 50%;
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            justify-content: center;
            color: var(--teal);
            font-size: 0.8rem;
            flex-shrink: 0;
        }
        .contact-widget-item .cw-text span {
            display: block;
            font-size: 0.7rem;
            color: #aaa;
            font-weight: 600;
            text-transform: uppercase;
            letter-spacing: 0.06em;
        }
        .contact-widget-item .cw-text a {
            font-size: 0.84rem;
            font-weight: 600;
            color: var(--navy);
            text-decoration: none;
        }
        .contact-widget-item .cw-text a:hover { color: var(--teal); }
        .wa-btn-widget {
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            justify-content: center;
            gap: 8px;
            width: 100%;
            background: #25d366;
            color: #fff;
            padding: 11px;
            border-radius: 5px;
            font-weight: 700;
            font-size: 0.88rem;
            text-decoration: none;
            margin-top: 14px;
            transition: background 0.3s;
        }
        .wa-btn-widget:hover { background: #1db954; }

        .practice-link {
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 10px;
            padding: 9px 0;
            border-bottom: 1px solid #f0f0f0;
            text-decoration: none;
            color: var(--text);
            font-size: 0.88rem;
            transition: color 0.2s;
        }
        .practice-link:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
        .practice-link i { color: var(--gold); font-size: 0.78rem; width: 14px; flex-shrink: 0; }
        .practice-link:hover { color: var(--teal); }
        .practice-link:hover i { color: var(--teal); }

        .related-mini {
            display: flex;
            gap: 12px;
            align-items: flex-start;
            padding: 10px 0;
            border-bottom: 1px solid #f0f0f0;
            text-decoration: none;
            color: inherit;
        }
        .related-mini:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
        .related-mini-num {
            flex-shrink: 0;
            width: 26px; height: 26px;
            background: var(--gold);
            color: var(--navy);
            border-radius: 4px;
            font-size: 0.72rem;
            font-weight: 800;
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            justify-content: center;
            margin-top: 2px;
        }
        .related-mini h5 {
            font-family: 'Playfair Display', Georgia, serif;
            font-size: 0.85rem;
            color: var(--navy);
            line-height: 1.35;
            margin-bottom: 3px;
        }
        .related-mini span {
            font-size: 0.72rem;
            color: #aaa;
        }
        .related-mini:hover h5 { color: var(--teal); }

        @media (min-width: 900px) {
            .article-sidebar { position: sticky; top: 90px; }
        }

        /* ============ BACK TO BLOGS ============ */
        .back-bar {
            background: var(--white);
            border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
            padding: 12px 20px;
        }
        .back-bar-inner {
            max-width: 1200px;
            margin: 0 auto;
        }
        .back-link {
            display: inline-flex;
            align-items: center;
            gap: 7px;
            color: var(--teal);
            font-size: 0.84rem;
            font-weight: 600;
            text-decoration: none;
            transition: color 0.2s;
        }
        .back-link:hover { color: var(--navy); }

        /* ============ SUBSCRIBE STRIP ============ */
        .subscribe-strip {
            background: linear-gradient(135deg, #1a2e4a, #25597b);
            padding: 50px 20px;
            text-align: center;
        }
        .subscribe-strip-inner { max-width: 560px; margin: 0 auto; }
        .subscribe-strip h3 {
            font-family: 'Playfair Display', Georgia, serif;
            font-size: 1.7rem;
            color: #fff;
            margin-bottom: 10px;
        }
        .subscribe-strip p {
            color: rgba(255,255,255,0.75);
            font-size: 0.92rem;
            margin-bottom: 24px;
        }
        .subscribe-form {
            display: flex;
            max-width: 440px;
            margin: 0 auto;
            border-radius: 5px;
            overflow: hidden;
            box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
        }
       .subscribe-form input {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 0;          /* allows input to shrink instead of forcing overflow */
    padding: 13px 18px;
    border: none;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    outline: none;
    font-family: 'Poppins', sans-serif;
}
        .subscribe-form button {
            padding: 13px 22px;
            background: var(--gold);
            color: var(--navy);
            border: none;
            font-weight: 700;
            font-size: 0.88rem;
            cursor: pointer;
            transition: background 0.3s;
            font-family: 'Poppins', sans-serif;
            white-space: nowrap;
        }
        .subscribe-form button:hover { background: var(--gold-lt); }

      

        /* ============ RESPONSIVE ============ */
        @media (max-width: 960px) {
            .blog-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
            .article-sidebar { position: static; }
        }
        @media (max-width: 600px) {
            .article-content { padding: 26px 20px 36px; }
            .share-bar { padding: 16px 20px; }
            .article-featured-img { height: 220px; }
            .author-card { flex-direction: column; gap: 14px; }
          
            .blog-wrap {
            background: var(--cream);
            padding: 10px;
        }
        }